Mathematics 130

TeX Instructions

Nearly all mathematicians today use TeX or LaTeX (a specialized system of TeX macros and environments) to type their texts: mathematical and non-mathematical. For typing Mathematics there is nothing better at the moment. So, as an aspiring mathematician you owe it to yourself to acquire sufficient skills in using (La)TeX. And once you learn the basics, you should use (La)TeX frequently. Otherwise you will forget what you've had learned.

First, you need to install a TeX distribution on your computer. Under Unix/Linux operating systems you will most likely have a choice of using TeXLive, perhaps avaliable in a number of packages from a package repository of your Linux distribution (this is so, e.g., for Fedora, Gentoo, and I am sure, also for Debian and Debian based distributions like Ubuntu). On older computers you may still see tetex from which TeXLive is derived. MacOS X users today are using MacTeX which is basically a Mac localization of TeXLive. TeXLive can be installed under Windows, and certainly some persons use it but there is an independent, older Windows distribution of TeX called MiKTeX. It matured to an excellent typesetting environment, and is probably the most widely used implementationn of TeX today.

Thus, if you use Windows, install MiKTeX 2.8 (basic). Additional packages will be installed automatically when the need arises.

I suggest that the next thing after installing MiKTeX you download the LaTeX document, called testmath.tex, showcasing numerous capabilities of typing Mathematics with LaTeX packages prepared by the American Mathematical Society (AMS). This can be the first document you compile. Doing this will cause MiKTeX fetch any missing packages; this will ensure that all the AMS packages will be available in your own documents.

My preferred way to compile TeX documents under MiKTeX, is to  open a CMD.EXE  terminal window in the folder containing  the LaTeX document and then executing the corresponding command. If your document is called testmath.tex, then the you should write at the command prompt:

pdflatex testmath.tex

and press ENTER. This will initiate the compilation process with a number of messages printed in the terminal window. You may be asked by MiKTeX package manager to install missing packages. Say Yes. For this to work you have to be connected to the internet.

If everything goes well, you should be returned to the command prompt. Three more files called: testmath.pdf, tesmtath.log, and testmath.aux, will appear in the folder where you excuted the command. The first is the compiled PDF document---view it with  a PDF viewer, the second is the LOG file---very useful to obtain detailed information about the compilation, especially when problems arise; the third is an auxiliary file---not for you but for a LaTeX engine itself. It is used, e.g., for building crossreferences in the resulting PDF document. You may need to run the compilation command twice to produce the crossreferences.

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There is a wealth of tutorials, introductions, and examples, available online. You can start with the wikipedia article, which has a nice simple example, and where you will find very useful links, or you can go straight to the Introduction for Absolute Beginners.

Many more resources have been collected at www.tug.org. Your own TeX distribution may come with a number of documents, sample (La)TeX documents, and examples. Look for them in subfolders of folder doc located in the folder where your TeX distribution has been installed (for MiKTeX it will be most likely: C:\Program Files\MiKTeX 2.7\doc).


For your class project you will need graphicx package (here you can find a manual).

You will load it in your LaTeX document with the directive:

\usepackage[pdftex]{graphicx}

which has to be placed in the header of your LaTeX document. You will need to learn how to label figures, refer to the labels in the text of your LaTeX document, and how to produce captions under the figures. The wikibooks LaTeX/Index will be your constant assistant when navigating in the LaTeX territory.


A solution to the first problem on the Second Midterm: download and view it in KSEG.

due October 30
Chapter 2: 13 14 15 17 18 19 20 24
and Exercices: 5 on p. 43, and 6 on p.44 of the hand out distributed in class earlier last week.

due October 23
Chapter 2: 8 9 10 11 12

Using KSEG produce a "picture" illustrating the Little Desargues Theorem

Print-out and study the following note. Follow the references to find the meaning of all the notions mentioned in that note, write down the corresponding definitions, and explain the result covered by that note.

due October 16
Chapter 2: 1 2 3 4 5 7

Download, unpack, and start using the following ZIP archive. And remember to bring your laptop on Monday to the class.

due October 2
Chapter 1: 37 38 45 & (Project): 1 through 9

due September 25
Chapter 1: 18 26 (read the defition of a collineation first) 27 28 29 31 32

due September 18
Chapter 1: 14 15 16 17

due September 11
Chapter 1: 7 8 9

due September 4
Chapter 1: 1 2 3 4 5 6